Hyperpigmentation is a fairly common skin condition and affects people of all ages. But if you are one of the many dealing with stubborn dark spots or patches on your skin you are likely wondering why and how you can get rid of it!
Understanding what causes hyperpigmentation is the first step in effectively treating it. Read on to discover everything you need to know about hyperpigmentation, what the most common causes are, as well as the best options for achieving a more even, radiant complexion.
What is hyperpigmentation?
Hyperpigmentation is when certain areas of your skin become darker than the surrounding skin. This happens because of an excess production of melanin, the pigment that gives your skin its colour. Hyperpigmentation can appear as very small brown, black, grey or pink spots, or patches but can also cover larger areas of your skin, usually on your face. These spots or patches are more commonly known as brown spots, age spots, sun spots or as our grandparents used to call them, liver spots.
While hyperpigmentation is not harmful, and can be common in people of all ages and skin types, it can definitely be frustrating! Fortunately, with the right treatments, you can effectively reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation and restore a more even complexion!
What are the most common types of hyperpigmentation?
Age Spots
Also known as liver spots (as our grandparents would have called them back in the day!), age spots are flat, brown, grey, or black spots that typically appear on sun-exposed areas of the skin as you age. In short, age spots tend to develop in people over the age of 50 and are the result of prolonged UV exposure over the years.
Sun Spots
Also caused by UV exposure, sun spots, medically known as actinic keratoses, are similar in appearance to age spots but can occur at any age. Although they can commonly appear on the face, you can also find sun spots all over areas of the body which has been exposed to the sun.
The biggest difference between harmless age spots and sun spots is the texture. Age spots are smooth and flat, but potentially dangerous sun spots usually feel rough and scaly.
Melasma
Also known as chloasma, or “the mask of pregnancy”! the potential main triggers for Melasma is genetics, hormonal fluctuations and sun overexposure. Very common in pregnancy, melasma can suddenly appear in the form of brown patches usually on your face.
What causes hyperpigmentation?
Several factors can actually contribute to hyperpigmentation, although sun exposure is the no.1 cause!
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Sun Exposure
UV rays from the sun trigger melanin production, leading to sunspots and dark patches, especially on areas frequently exposed to the sun.
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Hormonal Changes
Conditions like melasma, often triggered by pregnancy or birth control pills, cause dark, blotchy patches on the skin.
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Inflammation
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can result from acne, injuries, or skin conditions like eczema, where the skin overproduces melanin during healing.
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Age
Over time, the skin’s ability to regulate melanin production diminishes, leading to age spots.
How to get rid of hyperpigmentation
Ultimately to prevent or reduce hyperpigmentation you need to do 4 things;
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Wear sunscreen
Sadly exposure to the sun, (which we know ramps up over the summer months!) can both worsen existing age spots and sun spots, as well as encourage new ones to form! The most effective way to therefore prevent this from happening is to apply sunscreen (at least SPF 30) liberally and religiously even single day. You know I preach about how sunscreen should be a non-negotiable step in your skincare routine come rain, hail or shine though!
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Use brightening products
Products containing Vitamin C, niacinamide and retinol are all powerful allies in the fight against pigmentation. These ingredients work to lighten dark spots and even out your skin tone, leaving you with a brighter, more uniform complexion. Look for formulas with high concentrations of active ingredients for maximum efficacy. Just remember skincare requires patience and consistency to reap the long-term benefits!
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Exfoliate regularly
Regular exfoliation is key to fading age spots and pigmentation. Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) help slough off dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover and revealing fresher, more evenly-toned skin. Consider using a gentle chemical exfoliant a few times a week to target discolouration without irritating your skin.
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Wear protective clothing
Wearing protective clothing will also help fight hyperpigmentation by shielding your skin from harmful UV rays, which as we know are a major cause of age spots, sun spots and uneven skin tone.
Fabrics with a tight weave and sun-protective properties will block the penetration of UV rays, reducing the risk of sun-induced pigmentation. Wide-brimmed hats, long sleeves, and UV-protective fabrics are effective at minimizing direct sun exposure, preventing existing pigmentation from worsening, and helping to maintain an even skin tone over time. And don’t forget your peepers! sunglasses are a must too!
The best products to fade hyperpigmentation
As mentioned, one of the simplest ways to protect your skin from hyperpigmentation is to wear sunscreen daily, no matter what the weather is like. However if you are looking for products to fade your already pigmentated skin, we have the solution for you!
Vie Collection Mela White Protective Sunscreen SPF 30
This is not only an amazing daily sunscreen to protect skin from UV rays, but it’s also formulated with two high-tech ingredients that act against dark spots and free radicals. With regular use your dark spots will become less visible and your skin more unified. It’s fantastic!
Pevonia C Complex with oxyzomes
Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid work together to hydrate, correct photo damage and drench your skin with repairing antioxidants for a revitalized, youthful glow. It’s really good stuff and I’m testament to that!
Medicalia L Retinol Smoothing Cream
This powerful yet gentle retinol cream is a must in the fight against Hyperpigmentation! Formulated with retinol and Glycolic and Lactic Acid, it’s an excellent resurfacing and lightening cream for photodamaged skin. Just be sure to introduce it slowly and apply before bed. To learn more about retinol click here.
Derma Max Vitamin-C Complex 50% Ampoule
This perfectly nourishing Vitamin C based brightening complex helps reduce discolouration and lighten skin tone. Paired with niacinamide, it prevents the formation of hyperpigmentation and reduces melanin production. The result, brighter, more even skin!
Vita B3 Concentrated Solution
Boost your skincare routine with a shot of vitamin B3 to visibly improve skins radiance while reducing the appearance of dark spots. 10% vitamin B3 (niacinamide) acts by slowing down the transport of melanin to the keratinocytes (the most common type of skin cell constituting the epidermis) effectively decreasing pigmentation while reinforcing the protective functions of the skin barrier for the optimal skin health. The concentrate’s light, melting texture allows the active ingredients to penetrate the skin for outstanding efficiency and immediate results. Skin is brighter, more uniform and more visibly radiant. After continued use, hyperpigmentation is significantly reduced.
